Free PDF Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet, by Mark Lynas

Free PDF Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet, by Mark Lynas

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Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet, by Mark Lynas

Free PDF Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet, by Mark Lynas

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About the Author

Mark Lynas, a journalist, campaigner, and broadcast commentator on environmental issues, is the author of High Tide: News from a Warming World. He is a contributor to periodicals including New Statesman, Ecologist, Granta, and Geographical, and to the Guardian and Observer newspapers in the United Kingdom.

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Product details

Paperback: 336 pages

Publisher: National Geographic (October 7, 2008)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 1426203853

ISBN-13: 978-1426203855

Product Dimensions:

6 x 1 x 9 inches

Shipping Weight: 1.1 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.4 out of 5 stars

93 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#120,799 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

This is a 2007 (2008 in USA) book about global warming. It summarizes the results from scientific papers on climate change, and it uses successive chapters to describe the world's climate at 1°C, 2°C, on up to 6°C rise of average temperatures. The effects are compared to paleoclimatic studies, with six degrees of warming compared back to the Cretaceous geologic period.Since this book is already ten years old it's interesting to compare its predictions to what has actually happened since it was published. This book predicted that we would reach 400 ppm of atmospheric CO2 by year 2015. According to this website, 401.51 ppm was reached in 2015.The 2008 worldwide recession reduced CO2 emissions, so I was hopeful that it may have delayed reaching the 400 ppm mark. These GRAPHS show that total emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere actually decreased in 2009. (This is one of the few good things about a recession.) But the resulting rate of increase to atmospheric CO2 concentrations as shown on this GRAPH is barely detectible.This book indicates that if we're able to stop the rise in CO2 at 400 ppm we are still doomed to a probable increase in average world temperature rise of 2°C which will result in increased severity of to storms in the weather, increased pH in oceans that will cause bleaching of coral reefs, and moderate rise in ocean levels. These things are already happening.However, if CO2 concentrations rise to 450 ppm (3°C average temperature increase) we will probably pass the threshold for carbon cycle feedback. Carbon cycle feedback refers to various biochemical reactions that respond to rising temperatures in a manner that causes still more increased CO2 discharge to the atmosphere.If the CO2 concentrations continue to increase to 550 ppm it will probably result in an increase of 4°C to average world temperatures which will probably pass the threshold for Siberian methane feedback. Siberian methane feedback refers to the expected release of methane caused by thawing of the permafrost in the arctic regions which will allow initiation of the organic decomposition of organic material previously held in a frozen state. This causes organic carbon to be converted into atmospheric CO2. At some point the warming of ocean temperatures may cause the release of methane hydrate (a greenhouse gas) that is currently trapped at the bottom of the ocean under the load of high water pressure.If the CO2 concentrations continue to increase to 650 ppm it will probably result in an increase of 5°C. It will be the first time the earth has been that warm since the Pliocene geologic period 5 to 3 million years ago. That's the era of when the hominid fossil "Lucy" was living. The oceans will have risen sufficiently in this world to dramatically change the shape of the exposed land mass.If CO2 concentration reach 800 ppm the earth's temperature will reach the 6°C rise threshold which will be the highest temperatures since the Cretaceous geologic period 145 to 66 million years ago. This was the time when dinosaurs dominated, the only mammals were small creatures, and there were certainly no humans alive at the time.This book suggests that humans are clever enough to probably survive in a world of 6°C rise, but the earth would almost certainly not be able to support today's population. Of course there are plenty of uncertainties in these predictions, and climate change deniers like to emphasize this point. But uncertainty could go the other way, and conditions could be worse than predicted. The reason climate change deniers can sound believable is because there is a long lag time in these changes. If CO2 concentrations stopped at today's levels the earth's temperatures would continue to rise and the ocean levels would continue to rise for 30 to 50 years.Since this book was published ten years ago some of the predicted correlation between temperatures and CO2 may today be slightly different based on more advanced modeling. But it's my understanding that the general order of magnitude of expected changes are much the same.Unfortunately, climate change has become a political issue with conservatives generally being skeptical of climate science and liberals being advocates of it. A NYT article (April 27, 2017) indicates that there is an organized effort underway to send an anti-climate change booklet to virtually every science educator in the USA. Unfortunately, a recent survey indicates that some science teachers show signs of being influenced by this misinformation. The following excerpt is taken from the NYT article."A survey of 1,500 American science teachers published last year in the journal Science found 30 percent of those surveyed said they emphasized in their classes that recent global warming “is likely due to natural causes.” Less than half also correctly identified the degree of consensus among climate scientists that human activities are the primary cause of global warming."It's difficult to imagine any credentialed science teacher being influenced by this propaganda. All teachers I know would recognize it as politically motivated misinformation.

Although this book was written 12 years ago, it was still informative. It was hoping that this edition had been updated with some of the latest data and statistics, but.... He talked about a scenario where we stayed below 400 ppm CO2 levels, but we crossed that threshold in 2013 or 2014. On the positive side we have seen massive increases in wind and solar power generation and even bigger declines in coal.

If you want to understand the implications of what lies ahead for our immediate future, this book will educate you.It is an alarming overview of what lies in store for us collectively as we continue to live unsustainable lifestyles.I felt like a patient who had been given a cancer diagnosis if I did not change my lifestyle.Buy it for your friends or anyone you care about.A very powerful and awakening read!!I also recommend the DVD National geographic made to accompany this book. Same title.A visual masterpiece that really shows the collaborative efforts of Nasa, NOAA, and scientists around the world attempting to address this issue of climate change.Between the book and the DVD, you come to realize the challenges ahead; adding to your awareness and understanding of this global game changer.

Its one of those book written by non scientist who doesn't know how to really fortify scientific facts. Its a good book for non scientists and gives good overviews, but for those who are not convinced it gives little literature citations to strengthen discussions. For scientists who are looking for the actual science behind the issues, better look else where. The first half of the book is a lot of light reading and could have been left out. How are we supposed to check facts? Read all the literature in the back of the book?

I really enjoyed the clarity of the organization I found in this book. It describes the changes that will occur on the globe (to the best of our knowledge) with each degree that the climate increases. This scheme helps the reader understand the impact of global warming efficiently. The picture that is painted would be clear and terrifying if it weren't for the fact that we can still do something to avoid these predictions. I so appreciate that this message is being communicated.

Unfortunately a three degree increase in the average temperature is our future. Not mine, I shall be dead by then. My children, their children and grandchildren shall inherit an unlivable world. Denying it does not make it go away. See this as a call to action.

The book Six Degrees: Our future on a hotter planet was an enjoyable read that incorporates 300 scientific papers on what our planet will look like as the global average temperature increases one degree at a time. If you are interested in reading a book about plausible consequences of climate change then this book is an excellent choice! Although this book is one I will certainly keep and read again soon, I must admit once I got through the 3rd degree the book seemed a little repetitive. For those who are well versed in climate change literature, you will also find the final chapter doesn’t quite have the “call to action” many would expect from a book that does such a good job of describing the cumulative effects.Buy this book if you are high school or college aged. This book will open your eyes to why climate change is so important to study. Teachers, this would be an excellent book report as well!

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